Astaxanthin: Antioxidant for the Eye.

Posted on June 10, 2015 by Dr. Gary Pack

An antioxidant, astaxanthin (AX), is found in shellfish and some other fish. This study was to evaluate AX as an antioxidant in the human eye by studying levels of superoxide scavenging activity, hydrogen peroxide and total hydroperoxides (all ways to evaluate antioxidant activity). Testing was done at the time of bilateral cataract surgeries. The levels […]

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Conditions: Age-related macular degeneration, Cataracts, Diabetes, DNA damage, Oxidation

Supplements: Antioxidants, Astaxanthin, Glutathione, Hydrogen peroxide, Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)

Foods: Fish, Shellfish

Miscellaneous: Hydroperoxides, Superoxide

Carotenoids in Marine Animals.

Posted on June 1, 2015 by Dr. Gary Pack

As many as 250 carotenoids, related to beta-carotene, are found in marine algae and animals. Most of the carotenoids are accumulated by marine animals or derived from their food (algae and bacteria), since most animals do not create new carotenoids. Sponges contain carotenoids and are therefore brightly colored. Astaxanthin is found in some jelly fish […]

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Supplements: Algae, Astaxanthin, Beta-carotene, Carotenoids, Fucoxanthin, Spirulina, Zeaxanthin

Foods: Clam, Crustaceans, Mollusk, Mussel, Octopus, Oyster, Red sea bream, Salmon, Trout, Yellow tail fish

Miscellaneous: Dolphin, Food chain, Goldfish, Krill, Marigold, Marine animals, Plankton, Sea snails, Sponges, Star fish, Whale

Marine Carotenoids and Cardiovascular Risk.

Posted on April 11, 2014 by Dr. Gary Pack

“Dietary interventions should be the initial step in the treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD).” Risk factors for CVD include hypertension, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance or diabetes, and obesity. People at risk for CVD should reduce animal fats, cholesterol and sodium. They should increase consumption of plant chemicals such as carotenoids. Oxidative stress seems to be involved […]

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Microalgae as Food.

Posted on June 28, 2012 by Dr. Gary Pack

Algae has been used for food for centuries, from Mexico to Africa and Asia. The article reviewed here is about health and nutritional benefits. The growing world population requires cost-effective, easily produced nutritional sources. Algae are photosynthetic (growing using light energy), grow rapidly, reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), and produce more biomass than other types […]

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Antioxidant Effect of Astaxanthin.

Posted on April 17, 2011 by Dr. Gary Pack

It is known that phospholipid hydroperoxides (PLOOH) build up in the red blood cells (RBCs) of dementia patients. (Phospholipids include phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine.) PLOOHs are the products of oxidation of the phospholipids of the cell wall membranes. These products of oxidation in the RBCs could impair the transport of oxygen to the brain and contribute […]

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Conditions: Arteriosclerosis (atherosclerosis), Dementia, Elderly, Lipid peroxidation

Supplements: Algae, Astaxanthin, Carotenoids, Glutathione peroxidase, Lutein, Phosphatidylcholine, Phosphatidylethanolamine, Superoxide dismutase (SOD)

Miscellaneous: Phospholipid hydroperoxide, Plants, Xanthophylls

Astaxanthin Reduces Ischemic Brain Injury.

Posted on July 5, 2009 by Dr. Gary Pack

Astaxanthin (ATX) is the carotenoid found in algae, fish and crustaceans which accounts for their color. It is necessary for development and survival of salmonids and crustaceans. ATX in algae protects them from the damage of ultraviolet (UV) light. ATX has been shown to alter liver function in fish. ATX reduces the effects of loss […]

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Conditions: Apoptosis, Ischemic brain injury, Neuroprotection, Oxidation

Supplements: Algae, Astaxanthin, Beta-carotene, Carotenoids, Lutein

Foods: Crustaceans, Fish

Miscellaneous: UV (ultraviolet) light

Omega-3, DHA, and EPA for Cognition, Behavior, and Mood.

Posted on March 14, 2009 by Dr. Gary Pack

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are omega-3 fatty acids which are conditionally beneficial. They function on cell membranes where they are attached to phospholipids. Cell membranes are the “pacemakers of metabolism.” Increasing the unsaturated fatty acids in the membranes improves “fluidity” of cell membranes and improves cellular functioning. This is important in such […]

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